Habitats are rapidly changing across the planet and the consequences will have major and
long-lasting effects on wildlife and their parasites. Birds harbor many types of blood …

Environmental factors strongly influence the ecology and evolution of vector‐borne
infectious diseases. However, our understanding of the influence of climatic variation on …

Avian haemosporidian parasites have been scarcely studied in the Neotropical highlands
despite the high avian diversity reported and the uniqueness of these ecosystems. The aims …

The northern Andes, with their steep elevational and climate gradients, are home to an
exceptional diversity of flora and fauna, particularly rich in avian species that have adapted …

Background Identifying patterns and drivers of infection risk among host communities is
crucial to elucidate disease dynamics and predict infectious disease risk in wildlife …

Abstract Avian communities from South America harbor an extraordinary diversity of
Leucocytozoon species (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae). Here, of 890 birds sampled, 10 …

Malaria is a major public health problem especially in Africa where 94% of global malaria
cases occur. Malaria prevalence and mortalities are disproportionately higher among …

This chapter provides a brief overview of how natural gradients (eg, latitude, altitude, and
landscape gradients) affect host–parasite interactions involving blood parasites in wildlife …

With a population of nearly 8 billion humans, the planet is going through rapid
unprecedented change. Human activities cause deforestation, desertification, urbanization …

The transmission of vector-borne protozoa such as parasites of the Order Haemosporida is
dependent on both biotic and abiotic factors such as host life history traits and environmental …