The primary regulators of metazoan gene expression are enhancers, originally functionally
defined as DNA sequences that can activate transcription at promoters in an orientation …

The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

Emerging evidence suggests that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) represents a vital
and ubiquitous phenomenon underlying the formation of membraneless organelles in …

Regulation of biological processes typically incorporates mechanisms that initiate and
terminate the process and, where understood, these mechanisms often involve feedback …

The transcription factor and oncoprotein MYC is a potent driver of many human cancers and
can regulate numerous biological activities that contribute to tumorigenesis. How a single …

The Integrator complex can terminate RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in the promoter-proximal
region of genes. Previous work has shed light on how Integrator binds to the paused …

The proper activities of enhancers and gene promoters are essential for coordinated
transcription within a cell. Although diverse methodologies have been developed to identify …

The regulated transcription of genes determines cell identity and function. Recent structural
studies have elucidated mechanisms that govern the regulation of transcription by RNA …

The elongation stage of transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) is central to the
regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental cues in …

Abstract The RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pre-initiation complex (PIC) is a critical node in
eukaryotic transcription regulation, and its formation is the major rate-limiting step in …