Road transport imposes negative externalities on society. These externalities include
environmental and road damage, accidents, congestion, and oil dependence. The cost of …

With the acceleration of global energy transition and financialization, intense climate policy
uncertainty and financial speculation have significant impacts on the global energy market …

In this article, we provide a structured review of crude oil price dynamics. Specifically, we
summarize evidence on important factors determining oil prices, cover the impact of oil …

This paper uses a number of different panel data estimators, including fixed effects, bias-
corrected least squares dummy variables (LSDVC), generalised methods of moments …

This paper comprehensively explores various influencing factors of crude oil price volatility
from four perspectives: commodity attributes, macroeconomics factors, geopolitical events …

This article examines the nonlinear Granger causality and time-varying influence between
crude oil prices and the US dollar (USD) exchange rate using the Hiemstra and Jones (HP) …

Oil-related events have increased the uncertainty and complexity of the worldwide oil
market. This paper investigates the effects of four types of oil-related events on world oil …

A consensus that the world oil market is unified begs the question, where do innovations in
oil prices enter the market? Here we investigate where changes in the price of crude oil …

Many observers regard the world oil market as a puzzle. Why are oil prices so volatile? Why
did prices spike in the summer of 2008, and what role did speculators play? How important …

This paper empirically investigates the cointegrating relationship between crude oil prices
and global economic activity. The Kilian economic index is used as an indicator of global …