Non-human primates (NHPs) are the most relevant model of Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS) and neuroAIDS, being of great importance in explaining the pathogenesis …

HIV-1 infection remains non-curative due to the latent reservoir, primarily a small pool of
resting memory CD4+ T cells bearing replication-competent provirus. Pharmacological …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non‐coding RNAs that play a central role in the regulation of
gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. Several studies have revealed alterations in …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis virus coinfection amplify and accelerate
hepatic injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs suggested as biomarkers for …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were first identified in Caenorhabditis briggsae and later recognized
as playing pivotal roles in a vast range of cellular activities. It has been shown that miRNAs …

The advent of antiretroviral therapy almost 25 years ago has transformed HIV-1 infection into
a manageable chronic condition, albeit still incurable. The inability of the treatment regimen …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and may contribute to HIV-1 infection. In
this study, our goal was to investigate the mechanisms by which miR-34a influenced Tat …

Highlights•Virus–host cell interaction.•RNAi mechanism.•Virus replication.•Viral
miRNAs.•HIV-1 TAR RNA.Eukaryotic cells and several DNA viruses encode miRNAs to …

RNA viruses represent the predominant cause of many clinically relevant viral diseases in
humans. Among several evolutionary advantages acquired by RNA viruses, the ability to …

Primary monocytes are refractory to HIV-1 infection and become permissive upon
differentiation into monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) or macrophages. Multiple …