In mountainous regions, climate change threatens cryospheric water resources, and
understanding all components of the hydrological cycle is necessary for effective water …

Permafrost is a sub-ground phenomenon and therefore cannot be directly observed from
space. It is an Essential Climate Variable and associated with climate tip** points. Multi …

The cryosphere is defined by the presence of frozen water in its many forms: glaciers, ice
caps, ice sheets, snow, permafrost, and river and lake ice. In the extended Hindu Kush …

While glacier volumes in most cold mountain ranges rapidly decrease due to continued
global warming, degradation of permafrost at altitudes above and below glaciers is much …

STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2015 Page 1 Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American
Meteorological Society Vol. 97, No. 8, August 2016 STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2015 Page 2 …

The Anthropocene is proposed as a new interval of geological time in which human
influence on Earth and its geological record dominates over natural processes. A major …

In recent decades, slope instability in high‐mountain regions has often been linked to
increase in temperature and the associated permafrost degradation and/or the increase in …

Earth's climate is warming and will continue to warm as the century progresses. High
mountains and high latitudes are experiencing the greatest warming of all regions on Earth …

This review provides a detailed synthesis of the effects of glacier retreat and permafrost thaw
on stream ecosystems in the European Alps. As a working framework, we present a …

The cryosphere reacts sensitively to climate change, as evidenced by the widespread retreat
of mountain glaciers. Subsurface ice contained in permafrost is similarly affected by climate …