Optical frequency division based on bulk or fiber optics provides unprecedented spectral
purity for microwave oscillators. To extend the applications of this approach, the challenges …

Integrated photonics at near-IR (NIR) wavelengths currently lacks high bandwidth and low-
voltage modulators, which add electro-optic functionality to passive circuits. Here, integrated …

Control over the amplitude, phase, and spatial distribution of visible-spectrum light underlies
many technologies, but commercial solutions remain bulky, require high control power, and …

Bandwidth and noise are fundamental considerations in all communication and signal
processing systems. The group-velocity dispersion of optical fibers creates nulls in their …

Abstract Lithium niobate Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs) with compact footprint and fast
electro-optics (EO) responses are highly demanded for the next-generation optical …

Electro-optics serves as the crucial bridge between electronics and photonics, unlocking a
wide array of applications ranging from communications and computing to sensing and …

Advances in nanophotonics have created numerous pathways for light–matter interactions
in nanometer scale, enriched by physical and chemical mechanisms. Over the avenue …

We demonstrate a thin film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator operating at 456 nm with
an RF voltage-length product of 0.38 V-cm and a bandwidth of 6.9 GHz. We test the …

Efficient on-chip entangled photon pair generation at telecom wavelengths is an integral
aspect of emerging quantum optical technologies, particularly for quantum communication …

Intensity modulators are fundamental components for integrated photonics. From near-
infrared (NIR) to visible spectral ranges, they find applications in optical communication and …