In this article, we demonstrate the closed formulas for atom-bond connectivity index,
geometric arithmetic index, first K Banhatti index, second K Banhatti index, first K hyper …

Mathematical topological characterization of chemical graphs gives information about some
physical properties of molecules. Classical degree based topological indices of copper …

Topological indices are the molecular descriptors that characterize the formation of chemical
compounds and they assist us to predict certain physical–chemical properties like molar …

Network theory is the study of graphs such as representing equilibrium relationships or
unequal relationships between different objects. A network can be defined as a graph where …

The theory of chemical reaction networks is a branch of mathematics that aims to mimic real-
world behavior. This research area has drawn many researchers' attention, primarily due to …

A vertex-degree-based (VDB, for short) topological index φ is defined for a graph G with n
vertices as φ (G)=∑ 1≤ i≤ j≤ n− 1 mi, j (G) φ (i, j), where mi, j= mi, j (G) is the number of …

Reverse degree-based topological indices (RDTIs) are applied to analyze the structural
properties of molecules such as gamma graphyne and armchair graphyne nanoribbons …

Hyaluronic acid-paclitaxel conjugate is a nanoparticle-based drug delivery system that
combines hyaluronic acid with paclitaxel, enhancing its solubility, stability, and targeting …

Porphyrazine and tetrakis porphyrazine are organic compounds with intricate ring structures.
They are made up of four indole rings that fuse together to form a larger cyclic structure …

In chemistry, topological descriptors have a prominent role; also connectivity indices are
very important in chemical graph theory. Chemical graph theory is helpful to understand …