Ocean temperature variability is a fundamental component of the Earth's climate system, and
extremes in this variability affect the health of marine ecosystems around the world. The …

Internal variability in the climate system confounds assessment of human-induced climate
change and imposes irreducible limits on the accuracy of climate change projections …

Flash droughts have occurred frequently worldwide, with a rapid onset that challenges
drought monitoring and forecasting capabilities. However, there is no consensus on whether …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

Caption: Table A. 11. 2. Synthesis table summarising assessments presented in Tables 11.4-
11.21 for hot extremes (HOT EXT.), heavy precipitation (HEAVY PRECIP.), agriculture and …

Recent climate extremes have broken long-standing records by large margins. Such
extremes unprecedented in the observational period often have substantial impacts due to a …

Compound hot–dry events—co-occurring hot and dry extremes—frequently cause damages
to human and natural systems, often exceeding separate impacts from heatwaves and …

Plastic pollution is one of the most pressing environmental and social issues of the 21st
century. Recent work has highlighted the atmosphere's role in transporting microplastics to …

Ocean-driven melting of floating ice-shelves in the Amundsen Sea is currently the main
process controlling Antarctica's contribution to sea-level rise. Using a regional ocean model …

Despite the recent prevalence of severe drought, California faces a broadly
underappreciated risk of severe floods. Here, we investigate the physical characteristics of …