It is becoming clearer how neurobiological mechanisms generate 'liking'and
'wanting'components of food reward. Mesocorticolimbic mechanisms that enhance …

Critical features of human addiction are increasingly being incorporated into complementary
animal models, including escalation of drug intake, punished drug seeking and taking …

Relapse to drug use during abstinence is a defining feature of addiction. During the last
several decades, this clinical scenario has been studied at the preclinical level using classic …

Alcohol intake remains controlled in a majority of users but becomes “compulsive,” ie,
continues despite adverse consequences, in a minority who develop alcohol addiction …

The central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) is a brain region that integrates external and
internal sensory information and executes innate and adaptive behaviors through distinct …

The central amygdala (CeA) is implicated in a range of mental processes including attention,
motivation, memory formation and extinction and in behaviours driven by either aversive or …

Social reinforcement-based treatments are effective for many, but not all, people with
addictions to drugs. We recently developed an operant rat model that mimics features of one …

The synthetic opioid fentanyl is a major contributor to the current opioid addiction crisis. We
report that claustral neurons projecting to the frontal cortex limit oral fentanyl self …

It was suggested in 1986 that cue-induced cocaine craving increases progressively during
early abstinence and remains high during extended periods of time. Clinical evidence now …

Social rewards are strong drivers of behavior and fundamental to well-being, yet there is a
lack of consensus regarding what actually defines a reward as “social.” Because a …