Among vertebrates able to tolerate periods of oxygen deprivation, the painted and red-eared
slider turtles (Chrysemys picta and Trachemys scripta) and the crucian carp (Carassius …

As the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, oxygen is vital to produce ATP
in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. In most vertebrates, the absence of oxygen …

ATP depletion and succinate accumulation during ischemia lead to oxidative damage to
mammalian organs upon reperfusion. In contrast, freshwater turtles survive weeks of anoxia …

Temperate species of turtles hatch from eggs in late summer. The hatchlings of some
species leave their natal nest to hibernate elsewhere on land or under water, whereas …

Mitochondria are important to cellular homeostasis, but can become a dangerous liability
when cells recover from hypoxia. Anoxia-tolerant freshwater turtles show reduced …

The capacity for metabolic energy (adenosine triphosphate, ATP) production via oxidative
phosphorylation is much greater (~ 15×) than by anaerobic glycolysis, and vertebrates have …

Background: The molecular regulation of MAPKs and apoptosis was investigated in a model
of hypoxiatolerance. Survival of neurons in Chrysemys picta bellii, an anoxia-tolerant turtle …

Cardiac activity of the turtle (Trachemys scripta) is greatly depressed with cold acclimation
and anoxia. We examined what electrophysiological modifications accompany and perhaps …

The red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) undergoes numerous changes to its
physiological and metabolic processes to survive without oxygen. During anoxic conditions …

Painted turtles can accumulate lactic acid to extremely high concentrations during long-term
anoxic submergence, with plasma lactate exceeding 200 mmol l− 1. The aims of this review …