Behavioral traits and diet were traditionally thought to be highly plastic within individuals.
This view was espoused in the widespread use of optimality models, which broadly predict …

There is increasing interest in understanding the processes that maintain phenotypic
variation in groups, populations, or communities. Recent studies have investigated how the …

Individual differences in behaviour characterize humans and animals alike. A hot field in
behavioural ecology asks why this variation in 'personality'evolved. Theory posits that …

Predator–prey interactions are important drivers in structuring ecological communities.
However, despite widespread acknowledgement that individual behaviours and predator …

In cooperative species, human-induced rapid environmental change may threaten cost–
benefit tradeoffs of group behavioral strategies that evolved in past environments. Capacity …

Many animal taxa live in groups to increase foraging and reproductive success and aid in
predator avoidance. For fish, a large proportion of species spend all or part of their lives in …

Developmental experience, for example food abundance during juvenile stages, is known to
affect life history and behaviour. However, the life history and behavioural consequences of …

Collective personalities refer to temporally consistent behavioral differences between
distinct social groups. This phenomenon is a ubiquitous and key feature of social groups in …

Highlights•Most studies in community ecology neglect individual trait variation.•Personality
drives intensity and nature of sexual conflict and social organization.•Personality variation …

Despite the importance of host attributes for the likelihood of associated microbial
transmission, individual variation is seldom considered in studies of wildlife disease. Here …