Various forms of fibrosis, comprising tissue thickening and scarring, are involved in 40% of
deaths across the world. Since the discovery of scarless functional healing in fetuses prior to …

During an inflammatory process, shift in the cellular metabolism associated with an increase
in extracellular acidification are well-known features. This pH drop in the inflamed tissue is …

For decades, lactate has been considered an innocuous bystander metabolite of cellular
metabolism. However, emerging studies show that lactate acts as a complex …

FcεRI is the primary receptor in mast cells that mediates allergic reactions by inducing rapid
release of mediators, an adaptive immune response that might have evolved as a host …

Abstract pH is tightly maintained at cellular, tissue, and systemic levels, and altered pH–
particularly in the acidic range–is associated with infection, injury, solid tumors, and …

Mast cells are rare tissue-resident cells of importance to human allergies. To understand the
structural basis of principle mast cell functions, we analyzed the proteome of primary human …

The pathophysiological roles of mast cells are still not fully understood, over 140 years since
their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Initial studies have attempted to identify distinct …

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a primary metabolic sensor, and is expressed in
different immune cells, such as macrophage, dendritic cell, neutrophil, T cell, and non …

Mast cells are multifarious immune cells with complex roles in tissue homeostasis and
disease. They produce a plethora of mediators that play roles in inflammation, angiogenesis …

Lactate used to be considered as a waste product of glucose metabolism. However,
accumulating evidence has revealed its crucial role in regulating various biological and …