The paper analyses the drivers of sovereign risk for 31 advanced and emerging economies
during the European sovereign debt crisis. It shows that a deterioration in countries' …

The authors conduct the first systematic analysis of the determinants and impact of the
sovereign credit ratings assigned by the two leading US agencies, Moody's Investor …

We study whether and how a country's environmental, social, and governance (ESG)
performance relates to its sovereign borrowing costs in international capital markets. We …

This paper investigates the effects of macroeconomic fundamentals on emerging market
sovereign credit spreads. We find that the volatility of terms of trade in particular has a …

We study the determinants of sovereign debt ratings from the three main rating agencies, for
the period 1995–2005. Using linear and ordered response models, we employ a …

Spreads between euro area government bond yields are related to short-term interest rates,
which are in turn related to market liquidity, to cyclical conditions, and to investors' incentives …

Official international economic statistics are generally considered accurate and meaningful
gauges of cross-border flows of trade and capital. Most data users also assume that the …

This paper focuses on risk premiums paid by central governments in Europe and sub-
national governments in Germany, Spain, and Canada, using data for bond yield spreads for …

This paper compares the importance of different sovereign credit rating determinants over
time, using a sample of 90 countries for the years 2002–2015. Applying the composite …

This research focuses on examining the relationship between some attributes of assurance
providers and the level of sustainability assurance. By using the propensity to issue negative …