Global warming, extreme climate events, earthquakes and their accompanying
socioeconomic disasters pose significant risks to humanity. Yet due to the nonlinear …

In the vicinity of tip** points—or more precisely bifurcation points—ecosystems recover
slowly from small perturbations. Such slowness may be interpreted as a sign of low …

The character and health of ecosystems worldwide is tightly coupled to changes in Earth's
climate. Theory suggests that ecosystem resilience—the ability of ecosystems to resist and …

The relationship between agriculture and climate change is two-sided. Agriculture is the
branch of the economy most affected by the ongoing processes. It is also a large emitter of …

Many dynamical systems, including lakes, organisms, ocean circulation patterns, or financial
markets, are now thought to have tip** points where critical transitions to a contrasting …

The notion that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) can have more than
one stable equilibrium emerged in the 1980s as a powerful hypothesis to explain rapid …

A tip** point occurs when an external forcing causes a qualitative change in a system.
Human-induced climate change could push several large elements of the climate system …

Tip** points associated with bifurcations (B-tip**) or induced by noise (N-tip**) are
recognized mechanisms that may potentially lead to sudden climate change. We focus here …

Humans have moved organisms around the world for centuries but it is only relatively
recently that invasion ecology has grown into a mainstream research field. This book …

Complex networked systems ranging from ecosystems and the climate to economic, social,
and infrastructure systems can exhibit a tip** point (a “point of no return”) at which a total …