Security of wide-area monitoring, protection, and control (WAMPAC) systems of the smart grid: A survey on challenges and opportunities

S Vahidi, M Ghafouri, M Au, M Kassouf… - … Surveys & Tutorials, 2023‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The evolution of power generation systems, along with their related increase in complexity,
led to the critical necessity of Wide-Area Monitoring, Protection, and Control (WAMPAC) …

Impact, vulnerabilities, and mitigation strategies for cyber-secure critical infrastructure

H Riggs, S Tufail, I Parvez, M Tariq, MA Khan, A Amir… - Sensors, 2023‏ - mdpi.com
Several critical infrastructures are integrating information technology into their operations,
and as a result, the cyber attack surface extends over a broad range of these infrastructures …

Smart substation communications and cybersecurity: A comprehensive survey

J Gaspar, T Cruz, CT Lam… - … Surveys & Tutorials, 2023‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Electrical grids generate, transport, distribute and deliver electrical power to consumers
through a complex Critical Infrastructure which progressively shifted from an air-gaped to a …

A comprehensive survey on phasor measurement unit applications in distribution systems

M Hojabri, U Dersch, A Papaemmanouil, P Bosshart - Energies, 2019‏ - mdpi.com
Synchrophasor technology opens a new window for power system observability. Phasor
measurement units (PMUs) are able to provide synchronized and accurate data such as …

Research trends and applications of PMUs

G Paramo, A Bretas, S Meyn - Energies, 2022‏ - mdpi.com
This work is a survey of current trends in applications of PMUs. PMUs have the potential to
solve major problems in the areas of power system estimation, protection, and stability. A …

Real-Time Synchrophasor Data Anomaly Detection and Classification Using Isolation Forest, KMeans, and LoOP

E Khaledian, S Pandey, P Kundu… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2020‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Power grid operators assess situational awareness using time-tagged measurements from
phasor measurement units (PMUs) placed at multiple locations in a network. However …

Frequency injection based HVDC attack-defense control via squeeze-excitation double CNN

K Sun, W Qiu, W Yao, S You, H Yin… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2021‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Due to the independent controllability and fast power regulation capability, the High Voltage
Direct Current (HVDC) system could be a prospective technology to provide multiple …

Current differential protection for active distribution networks based on improved fault data self-synchronization method

C Zhou, G Zou, L Zang, X Du - IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2021‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The uncertainty in the direction and magnitude of fault current is a thorny issue for active
distribution network (ADN) protection. Current differential protection (CDP) is suitable for …

Artificial intelligence techniques for power system transient stability assessment

P Sarajcev, A Kunac, G Petrovic, M Despalatovic - Energies, 2022‏ - mdpi.com
The high penetration of renewable energy sources, coupled with decommissioning of
conventional power plants, leads to the reduction of power system inertia. This has negative …

DPMU-based multiple event detection in a microgrid considering measurement anomalies

S Som, R Dutta, A Gholami, AK Srivastava… - Applied Energy, 2022‏ - Elsevier
A microgrid may be subjected to various unexpected events, such as sudden trip** of a
generator/load, line outages due to faults, sudden switching of large capacitor banks, etc …