Basic monitoring of the marine environment is crucial for the early warning and assessment
of marine hydrometeorological conditions, climate change, and ecosystem disasters. In …

Two decades of high-resolution satellite observations and climate modeling studies have
indicated strong ocean–atmosphere coupled feedback mediated by ocean mesoscale …

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes
are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric …

Human activities have altered the state of the ocean, leading to warming, acidification and
deoxygenation. These changes impact ocean biogeochemistry and influence ecosystem …

Recent studies highlight that oceanic motions associated with horizontal scales smaller than
50 km, defined here as submesoscales, lead to anomalous vertical heat fluxes from colder to …

A new retrospective satellite-based precipitation dataset is constructed as a climate data
record for hydrological and climate studies. Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed …

Arctic amplification (AA) is a coupled atmosphere-sea ice-ocean process. This
understanding has evolved from the early concept of AA, as a consequence of snow-ice line …

Turbulent and radiative exchanges of heat between the ocean and atmosphere (hereafter
heat fluxes), ocean surface wind stress, and state variables used to estimate them, are …

Natural dust is often associated with hot, subtropical deserts, but significant dust events have
been reported from cold, high latitudes. This review synthesizes current understanding of …

Present global warming is amplified in the Arctic and accompanied by unprecedented sea
ice decline. Located along the main pathway of Atlantic Water entering the Arctic, the …