Blood-protein digestion is a key physiological process providing essential nutrients for ticks
and is a prerequisite for the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. Recently, substantial …

The ultrastructure and associated structural digestive physiology of the midgut in blood
feeding insects is reviewed. Each species group (Triatominae, Diptera (Culicidae …

This identification guide/handbook to the ticks of north-west Europe begins with an
introduction to ticks, followed by sections on diseases carried by ticks, methods of collection …

The paradigm for differential antigen expression in Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme
disease, is the reciprocal expression of its outer surface (lipo) proteins (Osp) A and C; as B …

Ticks are monophyletic and composed of the hard (Ixodidae) and soft (Argasidae) tick
families, as well as the Nuttalliellidae, a family with a single species, Nuttalliella namaqua …

Background For accurate and reliable gene expression analysis, normalization of gene
expression data against reference genes is essential. In most studies on ticks where (semi-) …

Background Ticks are vectors of a wide variety of pathogens causing severe diseases in
humans and domestic animals. Intestinal digestion of the host blood is an essential process …

Background Ticks are obligate blood feeders. The midgut is the first major region of the body
where blood and microbes ingested with the blood meal come in contact with the tick's …

In crude extracts of eggs of the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata, maximum degradation of
vitellin is at pH 3–3, 3.5, whereas no proteolysis is detected at neutral or weakly acidic pHs …

Ancestral reconstruction in its fullest sense aims to describe the complete evolutionary
history of a lineage. This depends on accurate phylogenies and an understanding of the key …