Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal
phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their …

Since the subject of traffic dynamics has captured the interest of physicists, many surprising
effects have been revealed and explained. Some of the questions now understood are the …

A critical phenomenon is an intrinsic feature of traffic dynamics, during which transition
between isolated local flows and global flows occurs. However, very little attention has been …

It is suggested that the motion of pedestrians can be described as if they would be subject to
''social forces.''These ''forces''are not directly exerted by the pedestrians' personal …

We present data from several German freeways showing different kinds of congested traffic
forming near road inhomogeneities, specifically lane closings, intersections, or uphill …

We propose a two-dimensional cellular automaton model to simulate pedestrian traffic. It is a
vmax= 1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics. Long-range interactions …

In the so-called “microscopic” models of vehicular traffic, attention is paid explicitly to each
individual vehicle each of which is represented by a “particle”; the nature of the “interactions” …

Cellular automata Page 2 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3305 Commenced
Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis …

Traffic flow is a kind of many-body system of strongly interacting vehicles. Traffic jams are a
typical signature of the complex behaviour of vehicular traffic. Various models are presented …

This extensive review was written for the``Encyclopedia of Complexity and System
Science''(Springer, 2008) and addresses a broad audience ranging from engineers to …