Abstract Language behaviour is complex, but neuroscientific evidence disentangles it into
distinct components supported by dedicated brain areas or networks. In this Review, we …

Artificial intelligence (AI) coupled with promising machine learning (ML) techniques well
known from computer science is broadly affecting many aspects of various fields including …

Reasoning is a key ability for an intelligent system. Large language models (LMs) achieve
above-chance performance on abstract reasoning tasks, but exhibit many imperfections …

Mental representations remain the central posits of psychology after many decades of
scrutiny. However, there is no consensus about the representational format (s) of biological …

Deep learning algorithms trained to predict masked words from large amount of text have
recently been shown to generate activations similar to those of the human brain. However …

The anatomy of the mammalian visual system, from the retina to the neocortex, is organized
hierarchically. However, direct observation of cellular-level functional interactions across this …

Understanding which brain regions are related to a specific neurological disorder or
cognitive stimuli has been an important area of neuroimaging research. We propose …

Biological and artificial information processing systems form representations that they can
use to categorize, reason, plan, navigate, and make decisions. How can we measure the …

High-performing neural networks for vision have dramatically advanced our ability to
account for neural data in biological systems. Recently, further improvement in performance …

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were inspired by early findings in the study of
biological vision. They have since become successful tools in computer vision and state-of …