Tundra vegetation productivity and composition are responding rapidly to climatic changes
in the Arctic. These changes can, in turn, mitigate or amplify permafrost thaw. In this Review …

Abstract Changes in Arctic vegetation can have important implications for trophic
interactions and ecosystem functioning leading to climate feedbacks. Plot-based vegetation …

The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential
ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and …

Recent research using repeat photography, long-term ecological monitoring and
dendrochronology has documented shrub expansion in arctic, high-latitude and alpine …

Soils in Arctic and boreal ecosystems store twice as much carbon as the atmosphere, a
portion of which may be released as high-latitude soils warm. Some of the uncertainty in the …

Mosses in northern ecosystems are ubiquitous components of plant communities, and
strongly influence nutrient, carbon and water cycling. We use literature review, synthesis and …

Despite the importance of high-latitude surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate
interactions in the rapidly changing Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. Here, we …

Recently observed Arctic greening trends from normalized difference vegetation index
(NDVI) data suggest that shrub growth is increasing in response to increasing summer …

Increased snow depth already observed, and that predicted for the future are of critical
importance to many geophysical and biological processes as well as human activities. The …

This book provides a general survey of Geocryology, which is the study of frozen ground
called permafrost. Frozen ground is the product of cold climates as well as a variety of …