Animal and plant species exhibit an astonishing diversity of sexual systems, including
environmental and genetic determinants of sex, with the latter including genetic material in …

Background Mytilidae, also known as marine mussels, are widely distributed in the oceans
worldwide. Members of Mytilidae show a tremendous range of ecological adaptions, from …

Among the snail genera most responsible for vectoring human-infecting schistosomes,
Bulinus, Biomphalaria, and Oncomelania, the former is in many respects the most important …

Background Nematodes are the most abundant and diverse metazoans on Earth, and are
known to significantly affect ecosystem functioning. A better understanding of their biology …

Comprising about 60% of gastropod diversity, caenogastropods display almost all kinds of
shell forms and include many commercially important marine groups. Although the …

Recent advances in long-read sequencing technology have allowed for single-molecule
sequencing of entire mitochondrial genomes, opening the door for direct investigation of the …

Mollusca is the second-largest animal phylum with over 100,000 extant species
representing eight classes. Across 1000 extant species in the class Polyplacophora, chitons …

Notwithstanding the initial claims of general conservation, mitochondrial genomes are a
largely heterogeneous set of organellar chromosomes which displays a bewildering …

The molecular factors and gene regulation involved in sex determination and gonad
differentiation in bivalve molluscs are unknown. It has been suggested that doubly …

Lymnaeid snails are some of the most widespread snails and are the first intermediate host
of trematode parasites that affect human and livestock health. A full understanding of the …