Adolescence is a period of formative biological and social transition. Social cognitive
processes involved in navigating increasingly complex and intimate relationships continue …

Extensive experimental animal studies and epidemiological observations have shown that
environmental influences during early development affect the risk of later pathophysiological …

Two extant frameworks–the harshness-unpredictability model and the threat-deprivation
model–attempt to explain which dimensions of adversity have distinct influences on …

Emotions arise from activations of specialized neuronal populations in several parts of the
cerebral cortex, notably the anterior cingulate, insula, ventromedial prefrontal, and …

This paper presents the Adaptive Calibration Model (ACM), an evolutionary–developmental
theory of individual differences in the functioning of the stress response system. The stress …

The term'social brain'refers to the network of brain regions that are involved in
understanding others. Behaviour that is related to social cognition changes dramatically …

We provide a developmental perspective on two related issues:(a) why traditional
preventative school-based interventions work reasonably well for children but less so for …

How does repeated or chronic childhood adversity shape social and cognitive abilities?
According to the prevailing deficit model, children from high-stress backgrounds are at risk …

Recent neuroscience models of adolescent brain development attribute the morbidity and
mortality of this period to structural and functional imbalances between more fully developed …

Many studies have reported on gender differences in bully and victim rates, but with the
majority of reports from a small number of countries. Here we report on such gender …