Mitochondrially generated reactive oxygen species are involved in a myriad of signaling and
damaging pathways in different tissues. In addition, mitochondria are an important target of …

Mitochondria play a vital role in cellular metabolism and are central mediator of intracellular
signalling, cell differentiation, morphogenesis and demise. An increasingly higher number of …

Imiquimod is a small-molecule ligand of Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7) that is licensed for the
treatment of viral infections and cancers of the skin. Imiquimod has TLR7-independent …

Age-related complications such as neurodegenerative disorders are increasing and remain
cureless. The possibility of altering the progression or the development of these …

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is currently estimated as the most frequent
mitochondrial disease (1 in 27,000–45,000). Its molecular pathogenesis and natural history …

Idebenone is a well described drug that was initially developed against dementia. The
current literature widely portrays this molecule as a potent antioxidant and CoQ 10 …

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 or ubiquinone) is a mobile proton and electron carrier of the
mitochondrial respiratory chain with antioxidant properties widely used as an antiaging …

Oxidative stress is considered one of the mechanisms responsible for neurodegenerative
diseases, especially for Parkinson's disease. Since oxidative stress causes pathological …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and the
leading cause of vision loss in the working-age population, is clinically defined as a …

Idebenone (Raxone®), a short-chain benzoquinone, is the only disease-specific drug
approved to treat visual impairment in adolescents and adults with Leber's hereditary optic …