The functions of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices rely on the
dynamic junction between a solid and a fluid: the electrochemical interface (EI). Many …

Single-molecule technology stands as a powerful tool, enabling the characterization of
intricate structural and dynamic information that would otherwise remain concealed within …

The quest for planar sp2-hybridized carbon allotropes other than graphene, such as
graphenylene and biphenylene networks, has stimulated substantial research efforts …

Synthetic chemists have developed robust methods to synthesize discrete molecules, linear
and branched polymers, and disordered cross-linked networks. However, two-dimensional …

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM), a key invention in nanoscience, has by now been
extended to a wide spectrum of basic and applied fields. Its application to basic science led …

Atomically precise manufacturing (APM) is a key technique that involves the direct control of
atoms in order to manufacture products or components of products. It has been developed …

Ice surfaces are closely relevant to many physical and chemical properties, such as melting,
freezing, friction, gas uptake and atmospheric reaction,,,,,,–. Despite extensive experimental …

The nature of hydrated proton on solid surfaces is of vital importance in electrochemistry,
proton channels, and hydrogen fuel cells but remains unclear because of the lack of atomic …

Synthetic carbon allotropes such as graphene, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes have
revolutionized materials science and led to new technologies. Many hypothetical carbon …

All-carbon materials based on sp 2-hybridized atoms, such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes
and graphene, have been much explored due to their remarkable physicochemical …