Endogenous and exogenous opioids in pain
Opioids are the most commonly used and effective analgesic treatments for severe pain, but
they have recently come under scrutiny owing to epidemic levels of abuse and overdose …
they have recently come under scrutiny owing to epidemic levels of abuse and overdose …
Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2005
RJ Bodnar, GE Klein - Peptides, 2006 - Elsevier
This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …
Inflammatory mediators of opioid tolerance: Implications for dependency and addiction
Each year, over 50 million Americans suffer from persistent pain, including debilitating
headaches, joint pain, and severe back pain. Although morphine is amongst the most …
headaches, joint pain, and severe back pain. Although morphine is amongst the most …
Blockade of Toll-like receptor 4 attenuates morphine tolerance and facilitates the pain relieving properties of morphine
The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) is an integral locus for morphine action.
Although it is clear that glia contribute to the development of morphine tolerance, to date, the …
Although it is clear that glia contribute to the development of morphine tolerance, to date, the …
Sex differences in pain and opioid mediated antinociception: Modulatory role of gonadal hormones
SA Nasser, EA Afify - Life sciences, 2019 - Elsevier
Sex-related differences in pain and opioids has been the focus of many researches. It is
demonstrated that women experience greater clinical pain, lower pain threshold and …
demonstrated that women experience greater clinical pain, lower pain threshold and …
Catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism and chronic human pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
In human studies, low COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) activity has been associated
with increased sensitivity to acute clinical preoperative or postoperative pain. We explored …
with increased sensitivity to acute clinical preoperative or postoperative pain. We explored …
Sex differences in μ-opioid receptor expression in the rat midbrain periaqueductal gray are essential for eliciting sex differences in morphine analgesia
Opioid-based narcotics are the most widely prescribed therapeutic agent for the alleviation
of persistent pain; however, it is becoming increasingly clear that morphine is significantly …
of persistent pain; however, it is becoming increasingly clear that morphine is significantly …
Neuronal and glial factors contributing to sex differences in opioid modulation of pain
Morphine remains one of the most widely prescribed opioids for alleviation of persistent
and/or severe pain; however, multiple preclinical and clinical studies report that morphine is …
and/or severe pain; however, multiple preclinical and clinical studies report that morphine is …
The contribution of the descending pain modulatory pathway in opioid tolerance
Opioids remain among the most effective pain-relieving therapeutics. However, their long-
term use is limited due to the development of tolerance and potential for addiction. For many …
term use is limited due to the development of tolerance and potential for addiction. For many …
The role of the periaqueductal gray in the modulation of pain in males and females: are the anatomy and physiology really that different?
Anatomical and physiological studies conducted in the 1960s identified the periaqueductal
gray (PAG) and its descending projections to the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and …
gray (PAG) and its descending projections to the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and …