Elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for neurodegeneration in
glaucoma. Glial cells, which play an important role in normal functioning of retinal neurons …

Retinal ganglion cells, the neurons that die in glaucoma, are endowed with a high
metabolism requiring optimal provision of oxygen and nutrients to sustain their activity. The …

Significance: Mitochondria, vital cellular power plants to generate energy, are involved in
immune responses. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are …

Mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive inflammatory responses are both sufficient to
induce pathology in age-dependent neurodegenerations. However, emerging evidence …

Inflammatory responses play a key role in many neural pathologies, with localized signaling
from the non-immune cells making critical contributions. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an …

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the world and remains a
major public health problem. To date, incomplete knowledge of this disease's …

Purpose of the study: Many blinding diseases of the inner retina are associated with
degeneration and loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Recent evidence implicates several …

As adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) released from astrocytes can modulate many neural
signaling systems, the triggers and pathways for this ATP release are important. Here, the …

Key points• Neurons can be damaged when tissues are stretched or swollen; while
astrocytes can contribute to this process, the mechanosensitive response from neurons is …

Background The identification of endogenous signals that lead to microglial activation is a
key step in understanding neuroinflammatory cascades. As ATP release accompanies …