Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are a diverse class of proteins that assist organism survival in the
presence of ice in cold climates. They have different origins in many organisms, including …

Snow or glacial algae are found on all continents, and most species are in the
Chlamydomonadales (Chlorophyta) and Zygnematales (Streptophyta). Other algal groups …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are biological antifreezes with unique properties, including
thermal hysteresis (TH), ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), and interaction with membranes …

Sub-zero temperatures put plants at risk of damage associated with the formation of ice
crystals in the apoplast. Some freeze-tolerant plants mitigate this risk by expressing ice …

Background Phytoplankton communities significantly contribute to global biogeochemical
cycles of elements and underpin marine food webs. Although their uncultured genomic …

Sea ice plays a dynamic role in the air‐sea exchange of CO2. In addition to abiotic inorganic
carbon fluxes, an active microbial community produces and remineralizes organic carbon …

The cryopreservation of gametes and embryos is a technique widely used in reproductive
biology. This technology helps in the reproductive management of domesticated animals …

Diatoms and other algae not only survive, but thrive in sea ice. Among sea ice diatoms, all
species examined so far produce ice-binding proteins (IBPs), whereas no such proteins are …

A psychrophilic yeast was isolated from an Arctic pond and its culture supernatant showed
ice-binding activity. This isolate, identified as Leucosporidium sp. based on an analysis of …

Arctic yeast Leucosporidium sp. produces a glycosylated ice-binding protein (LeIBP) with a
molecular mass of∼ 25 kDa, which can lower the freezing point below the melting point …