For decades, rods and cones were thought to be the only photoreceptors in the mammalian
retina. However, a population of atypical photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) …

The melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are
a relatively recently discovered class of atypical ganglion cell photoreceptor. These ipRGCs …

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we
review the mechanisms and responses of the mouse and human circadian systems to light …

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide, and there is
only a limited explanation of why. Risk is highest in the most industrialized countries but also …

The process wherein dividing cells exhaust proliferative capacity and enter into replicative
senescence has become a prominent model for cellular aging in vitro. Despite decades of …

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the principal circadian clock of the brain, directing
daily cycles of behavior and physiology. SCN neurons contain a cell-autonomous …

In mammals, the central circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of
the hypothalamus. Individual SCN cells exhibit intrinsic oscillations, and their circadian …

Reconstructing functional neuronal circuits is one major challenge of central nervous system
repair. Through activation of pro-growth signaling pathways, some neurons achieve long …

The genesis of broad neuronal classes from multipotential neural progenitor cells has been
extensively studied, but less is known about the diversification of a single neuronal class into …

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives direct retinal input from the intrinsically
photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) for circadian photoentrainment. Interestingly …