BACKGROUND The idea that memory is stored as enduring changes in the brain dates
back at least to the time of Plato and Aristotle (circa 350 BCE), but its scientific articulation …

One leading hypothesis suggests that memories are stored in ensembles of neurons (or
'engram cells') and that successful recall involves reactivation of these ensembles. A logical …

Synapse remodeling is essential to encode experiences into neuronal circuits. Here, we
define a molecular interaction between neurons and microglia that drives experience …

The dentate gyrus (DG) has a key role in hippocampal memory formation. Intriguingly, DG
lesions impair many, but not all, hippocampus-dependent mnemonic functions, indicating …

Episodic memory reflects the ability to recollect the temporal and spatial context of past
experiences. Episodic memories depend on the hippocampus but have been proposed to …

Experience-dependent myelination is hypothesized to shape neural circuit function and
subsequent behavioral output. Using a contextual fear memory task in mice, we demonstrate …

Aging has a profound and devastating effect on the brain. Old age is accompanied by
declining cognitive function and enhanced risk of brain diseases, including cancer and …

While memories are often thought of as flashbacks to a previous experience, they do not
simply conserve veridical representations of the past but must continually integrate new …

The hippocampus and its extended network contribute to encoding and recall of episodic
experiences. Drawing from recent anatomical, physiological, and behavioral studies, we …

Observers learn to fear the context in which they witnessed a demonstrator's aversive
experience, called observational contextual fear conditioning (CFC). The neural …