Mendelian randomization: concepts and scope

RC Richmond, GD Smith - Cold Spring …, 2022‏ - perspectivesinmedicine.cshlp.org
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method of studying the causal effects of modifiable
exposures (ie, potential risk factors) on health, social, and economic outcomes using genetic …

Meta‐analysis and Mendelian randomization: a review

J Bowden, MV Holmes - Research synthesis methods, 2019‏ - Wiley Online Library
Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to infer
whether a risk factor causally affects a health outcome. Meta‐analysis has been used …

Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology using mendelian randomisation (STROBE-MR): explanation and elaboration

VW Skrivankova, RC Richmond, BAR Woolf… - bmj, 2021‏ - bmj.com
Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies allow a better understanding of the causal effects of
modifiable exposures on health outcomes, but the published evidence is often hampered by …

Guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations: update for summer 2023

S Burgess, GD Smith, NM Davies… - Wellcome open …, 2023‏ - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
This paper provides guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations. It is
aimed at practitioners seeking to undertake analyses and write up their findings, and at …

Anthropometric and adiposity indicators and risk of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies

A Jayedi, S Soltani, SZ Motlagh, A Emadi, H Shahinfar… - Bmj, 2022‏ - bmj.com
Objective To present a comprehensive review of the association between measures of body
weight, waist, and fat, and different ratios of these measures, and the risk of type 2 diabetes …

Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases

M Verbanck, CY Chen, B Neale, R Do - Nature genetics, 2018‏ - nature.com
Horizontal pleiotropy occurs when the variant has an effect on disease outside of its effect on
the exposure in Mendelian randomization (MR). Violation of the 'no horizontal …

Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians

NM Davies, MV Holmes, GD Smith - bmj, 2018‏ - bmj.com
Mendelian randomisation uses genetic variation as a natural experiment to investigate the
causal relations between potentially modifiable risk factors and health outcomes in …

Evaluating the potential role of pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization studies

G Hemani, J Bowden… - Human molecular …, 2018‏ - academic.oup.com
Pleiotropy, the phenomenon of a single genetic variant influencing multiple traits, is likely
widespread in the human genome. If pleiotropy arises because the single nucleotide …

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: an exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses

V Bellou, L Belbasis, I Tzoulaki, E Evangelou - PloS one, 2018‏ - journals.plos.org
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global epidemic associated with
increased health expenditure, and low quality of life. Many non-genetic risk factors have …

Interpreting findings from Mendelian randomization using the MR-Egger method

S Burgess, SG Thompson - European journal of epidemiology, 2017‏ - Springer
Abstract Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger) is an analysis method for Mendelian
randomization using summarized genetic data. MR-Egger consists of three parts:(1) a test …