Most of the Earth's crust is created along 60,000 km of mid-ocean ridge system. Here,
tectonic plates spread apart and, in doing so, gradually build up stress. This stress is …

Twenty years of continuous Earth observation by satellite SAR have resulted in numerous
new insights into active volcanism, including a better understanding of subsurface magma …

INTRODUCTION On 14 November 2016 (local time), northeastern South Island of New
Zealand was struck by a major moment magnitude (M w) 7.8 earthquake. The Kaikōura …

The redox state of Earth's convecting mantle, masked by the lithospheric plates and basaltic
magmatism of plate tectonics, is a key unknown in the evolutionary history of our planet …

Over the last few decades, significant advances in using geophysical techniques to image
the structure of magma plumbing systems have enabled the identification of zones of melt …

Slow slip events have become recognized in the last decade as an important mode of fault
slip, and are most widely observed at subduction zones. Many episodes of tectonic tremor …

Abstract Global Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) measurements made over the past decades
provide insights into the lateral extent of magmatic domains, and capture volcanic process …

Fracture systems comprise many fractures that may be grouped into sets based on their
orientation, type and relative age. The fractures are often arranged in a network that involves …

Over the past two decades, multidisciplinary studies have unearthed a rich history of
volcanic activity and unrest in the densely-populated East African Rift System, providing new …

Deformation of the ground surface at active volcanoes provides information about magma
movements at depth. Improved seafloor deformation measurements between 2011 and …