Variations in the nature and extent of southern Africa's winter rainfall zone (WRZ) have the
potential to provide important information concerning the nature of long-term climate change …

Based on the quantitative study of diatoms and radiolarians, summer sea-surface
temperature (SSST) and sea ice distribution were estimated from 122 sediment core …

Wind-driven upwelling in the ocean around Antarctica helps regulate the exchange of
carbon dioxide (CO2) between the deep sea and the atmosphere, as well as the supply of …

To understand how planet Earth works we study it increasingly as a system–a collection of
interdependent parts or spheres–the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the …

Abstract The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is out of equilibrium with the current anthropogenic‐
enhanced climate forcing. Paleoenvironmental records and ice sheet models reveal that the …

The last glacial cycle provides the opportunity to investigate large changes in the Atlantic
Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) beyond the small fluctuations evidenced from …

Diatoms from 228 Southern Ocean core-top sediment samples were examined to determine
the geographic distributions of 32 major diatom species/taxa preserved in the sediments of …

As part of a wider study of last glacial and deglacial climates in the Southern Hemisphere
continents, we here review terrestrial and near-shore marine records from equatorial and …

Sea ice cover extent expressed in terms of mean annual concentration was reconstructed
from the application of the modern analogue technique to dinocyst assemblages. The use of …

Sea ice plays an important role in Earth's climate system. The lack of direct indications of
past sea ice coverage, however, means that there is limited knowledge of the sensitivity and …