Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) are one of the most studied, diverse, and widespread
animal groups, making them an ideal model for climate change research. They are a …

Citizen-science projects engage volunteers to gather or process data to address scientific
questions. But citizen-science projects vary in their ability to contribute usefully for science …

Insects have diversified through more than 450 million y of Earth's changeable climate, yet
rapidly shifting patterns of temperature and precipitation now pose novel challenges as they …

Moths are the most taxonomically and ecologically diverse insect taxon for which there exist
considerable time-series abundance data. There is an alarming record of decreases in moth …

Poleward and upward shifts are the most frequent types of range shifts that have been
reported in response to contemporary climate change. However, the number of reports …

Severe insect declines make headlines, but they are rarely based on systematic monitoring
outside of Europe. We estimate the rate of change in total butterfly abundance and the …

Biodiversity of insects is threatened worldwide. Here, we present a comprehensive review of
73 historical reports of insect declines from across the globe, and systematically assess the …

Winter is a key driver of individual performance, community composition, and ecological
interactions in terrestrial habitats. Although climate change research tends to focus on …

Policy‐makers increasingly demand robust measures of biodiversity change over short time
periods. Long‐term monitoring schemes provide high‐quality data, often on an annual …

Studies have documented climate change–induced shifts in species distributions but
uncertainties associated with data and methods are typically unexplored. We reviewed 240 …