Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost
ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much …

Tundra vegetation productivity and composition are responding rapidly to climatic changes
in the Arctic. These changes can, in turn, mitigate or amplify permafrost thaw. In this Review …

Under a warming climate, degrading permafrost profoundly and extensively affects arctic
and alpine ecology. However, most existing relevant studies are more focused on the …

Where present, permafrost exerts a primary control on water fluxes, flowpaths, and
distribution. Climate warming and related drivers of soil thermal change are expected to …

The formation, growth and drainage of lakes in Arctic and boreal lowland permafrost regions
influence landscape and ecosystem processes. These lake and drained lake basin (L-DLB) …

Human-induced climate warming by 2100 is expected to thaw large expanses of northern
permafrost peatlands. However, the spatio-temporal dynamics of permafrost peatland thaw …

Permafrost, which covers 15 million km2 of the land surface, is one of the components of the
Earth system that is most sensitive to warming,. Loss of permafrost would radically change …

Permafrost carbon feedback (PCF) modeling has focused on gradual thaw of near-surface
permafrost leading to enhanced carbon dioxide and methane emissions that accelerate …

Tip** elements are components of the Earth system which may respond nonlinearly to
anthropogenic climate change by transitioning toward substantially different long‐term …

Air temperature increases thermally degrade permafrost, which has widespread impacts on
engineering design, resource development, and environmental protection in cold regions …