As energy overuse and generated pollution have a potential threat to our environmental and
ecological conditions, many researchers have taken the initiative way to join the green …

Vehicle routing problems have been the focus of extensive research over the past sixty
years, driven by their economic importance and their theoretical interest. The diversity of …

CO 2 emissions from maritime transport represent around 3% of total annual anthropogenic
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These emissions are assumed to increase by 150–250 …

The Initial Strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships adopted by
the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2018 commits the IMO to reduce total GHG …

Green Logistics has emerged as the new agenda item in supply chain management. The
traditional objective of distribution management has been upgraded to minimizing system …

This paper provides an overview of the container ship** supply chain (CSSC) by taking a
logistics perspective, covering all major value-adding segments in CSSC including freight …

The amount of pollution emitted by a vehicle depends on its load and speed, among other
factors. This paper presents the Pollution-Routing Problem (PRP), an extension of the …

We review research on ship routing and scheduling and related problems during the new
millennium and provide four basic models in this domain. The volume of research in this …

The worldwide economic growth of the last century has given rise to a vast consumption of
goods while globalization has led to large streams of goods all over the world. The …

Reducing fuel consumption of ships against volatile fuel prices and greenhouse gas
emissions resulted from international ship** are the challenges that the industry faces …