Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented
challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and …

The current outbreak of monkeypox (MPX) infection has emerged as a global matter of
concern in the last few months. MPX is a zoonosis caused by the MPX virus (MPXV), which …

Abstract Safety tested Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is licensed as third-generation
vaccine against smallpox and serves as a potent vector system for development of new …

Widespread vaccination programmes led to the global eradication of smallpox, which was
certified by the World Health Organisation (WHO), and, since 1978, there has been no case …

Introduction Global outbreaks involving mpox clade IIb began in mid-2022. Today, clade IIb
and clade I outbreaks continue. Reliable mpox vaccines can prevent serious mpox disease …

After Edward Jenner established human vaccination over 200 years ago, attenuated
poxviruses became key players to contain the deadliest virus of its own family: Variola virus …

A system has been established allowing the rescue of replicating measles viruses (MVs)
from cloned DNA. On one hand, plasmids were constructed from which MV antigenomic …

Smooth muscle cells switch between differentiated and proliferative phenotypes in response
to extracellular cues, but the transcriptional mechanisms that confer such phenotypic …

Host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns
(PAMPs), which are molecular signatures shared by different pathogens. Recognition of …

Virus propagation methods generally use transformed cell lines to grow viruses from clinical
specimens, which may force viruses to rapidly adapt to cell culture conditions, a process …