Background Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) represents a minimally invasive
revascularization strategy in which the durability of the internal mammary artery to left …

Whenever possible, the recommendations listed in this document are evidence based.
Articles reviewed in this guideline revision covered evidence from the past 10 years through …

Nearly all surgical disciplines have developed endoscopic operations over the last 2
decades that have become the standard of care. In cardiac surgery and specifically for …

Robotic surgical devices have developed beyond the investigational stage and currently are
routinely used in minimally invasive general surgery, pediatric surgery, gynecology, urology …

Background—Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) is a novel
coronary operation that does not require infrastructure and is potentially available to all …

Objective: The minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) operation
performed via a small thoracotomy has not previously been examined in a direct comparison …

Objectives: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with long rehabilitation
periods and slow quality of life (QOL) improvement. Totally endoscopic coronary artery …

BACKGROUND: Graft patency and clinical freedom from graft failure remains a subject of
investigation in beating-heart totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass. METHODS: A total …

Introduction: During the past five years the approach to procedural planning, operative
techniques and perfusion strategies for minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) has …

BACKGROUND: The development of robotic devices has recently offered the possibility of
performing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in a totally endoscopic way. An …