Toll-like receptors and the control of immunity

KA Fitzgerald, JC Kagan - Cell, 2020 - cell.com
The study of innate immunity and its link to inflammation and host defense encompasses
diverse areas of biology, ranging from genetics and biophysics to signal transduction and …

The history of Toll-like receptors—redefining innate immunity

LAJ O'neill, D Golenbock, AG Bowie - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2013 - nature.com
The discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) was an important event for immunology research
and was recognized as such with the awarding of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or …

Invited review: bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity

C Alexander, ET Rietschel - Journal of endotoxin research, 2001 - journals.sagepub.com
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the major outer surface membrane components
present in almost all Gram-negative bacteria and act as extremely strong stimulators of …

Intestinal barrier and permeability in health, obesity and NAFLD

P Portincasa, L Bonfrate, M Khalil, MD Angelis… - Biomedicines, 2021 - mdpi.com
The largest surface of the human body exposed to the external environment is the gut. At this
level, the intestinal barrier includes luminal microbes, the mucin layer, gastrointestinal …

Receptor-dependent mechanisms of cell stimulation by bacterial endotoxin.

RJ Ulevitch, PS Tobias - Annual review of immunology, 1995 - europepmc.org
In humans and experimental animals the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide
(endotoxin, LPS) signals the presence of gram-negative bacteria. Recognition of LPS …

Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling

RB Yang, MR Mark, A Gray, A Huang, MH **e… - Nature, 1998 - nature.com
Vertebrates and invertebrates initiate a series of defence mechanisms following infection by
Gram-negative bacteria by sensing the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major …

Receptors, mediators, and mechanisms involved in bacterial sepsis and septic shock

ES Van Amersfoort, TJC Van Berkel… - Clinical microbiology …, 2003 - Am Soc Microbiol
Bacterial sepsis and septic shock result from the overproduction of inflammatory mediators
as a consequence of the interaction of the immune system with bacteria and bacterial wall …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein accelerates the binding of LPS to CD14.

E Hailman, HS Lichenstein, MM Wurfel… - The Journal of …, 1994 - rupress.org
CD14 is a 55-kD protein found as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein on
the surface of monocytes, macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and as a …

Endotoxin signal transduction in macrophages

MJ Sweet, DA Hume - Journal of leukocyte biology, 1996 - academic.oup.com
Through its action on macrophages, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin can
trigger responses that are protective or injurious to the host. This review examines the effects …

Lipopolysaccharide activation of human endothelial and epithelial cells is mediated by lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and soluble CD14.

J Pugin, CC Schürer-Maly, D Leturcq… - Proceedings of the …, 1993 - National Acad Sciences
Myeloid cell activation by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) involves two proteins, plasma LPS-
binding protein (LBP) and cell-membrane CD14. Cell membrane CD14, anchored by a …