Myocardial fibrosis, the expansion of the cardiac interstitium through deposition of
extracellular matrix proteins, is a common pathophysiologic companion of many different …

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

The ECM (extracellular matrix) network plays a crucial role in cardiac homeostasis, not only
by providing structural support, but also by facilitating force transmission, and by transducing …

Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiologic companion of most myocardial diseases,
and is associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmogenesis, and adverse …

Aortic aneurysm is an asymptomatic disease with dire outcomes if undiagnosed. Aortic
aneurysm rupture is a significant cause of death worldwide. To date, surgical repair or …

Myocardial fibrosis is a significant pathological basis of heart failure. Overactivation of the
ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 signaling pathways of MAPK family members synergistically promotes …

Astragaloside IV (AsIV), an active ingredient isolated from traditional Chinese medicine
astragalus membranaceus, is beneficial to cardiovascular health. This study aimed to …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have elevated circulating levels of
trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite derived from gut microbes and associated with …

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) is a major player in preserving tissue
integrity and has recently also emerged as a decisive factor in several human pathologies …

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied as vital
components of regenerative medicine. Typically, various isolation methods of exosomes …