Plasma glycine level is low in patients with obesity or diabetes and the improvement of
insulin resistance increases plasma glycine concentration. In prospective studies …

Multiple mitochondrial matrix enzymes playing key roles in metabolism require cofactors for
their action. Due to the high impermeability of the mitochondrial inner membrane, these …

Following its predecessor, the second edition of Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition
presents exhaustive coverage of amino acids in the nutrition, metabolism and health of …

While it is well known that expression levels of metabolic enzymes regulate the metabolic
state of the cell, there is mounting evidence that the converse is also true, that metabolite …

Phosphonates—compounds containing a direct C–P bond—represent an important source
of phosphorus in some environments. The most common natural phosphonate is 2 …

Objective Amino acids (AA) and their derivatives play an integral role in the synthesis of
structural and regulatory elements in human organisms and therefore pathologies such as …

Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a family of phylogenetically conserved calcium-
dependent enzymes which cause post-translational protein deimination. This can result in …

The subfamily of sarcosine oxidase is a set of enzymes within the larger family of amine
oxidases. It is ubiquitously distributed among different kingdoms of life. The member …

The heterodimeric human (h) electron-transferring flavoprotein (ETF) transfers electrons
from at least 13 different flavin dehydrogenases to the mitochondrial respiratory chain …

Glycine betaine (GB) is a biologically important compound for microbial communities living
in saline habitats most commonly employed as an organic osmolyte. At fluctuating salinity …