Conversion of forewings into hardened covers, elytra, was a ground-breaking morphological
adaptation that has contributed to the extraordinary evolutionary success of beetles …

Flight-by-feel is an emerging approach to flight control that uses distributed arrays of
pressure, strain, and flow sensors to guide aircraft. Among these, hair-type flow sensors …

While animals swim, crawl, walk, and fly with apparent ease, building robots capable of
robust locomotion remains a significant challenge. In this review, we draw attention to …

Gaining the ability to fly actively was a ground-breaking moment in insect evolution,
providing an unprecedented advantage over other arthropods. Nevertheless, active flight …

Butterfly wings display a diversity of cell types, including large polyploid scale cells, yet the
molecular basis of such diversity is poorly understood. To explore scale cell diversity at a …

Although drone technology has advanced rapidly, replicating the dynamic control and wind-
sensing abilities of biological flight is still beyond reach. Biological studies reveal that insect …

Flap**, flexible insect wings deform under inertial and fluid loading. Deformation
influences aerodynamic force generation and sensorimotor control, and is thus important to …

Sensory feedback is essential to both animals and robotic systems for achieving
coordinated, precise movements. Mechanosensory feedback, which provides information …

Like a rocket being propelled into space, evolution has engineered flies to launch into
adulthood via multiple stages. Flies develop and deploy two distinct bodies, linked by the …

Bat wing membranes are composed of specialized skin that is covered with small sensory
hairs which are likely mechanosensory and have been suggested to help bats sense airflow …