The determination of the crystal structures of small-molecule transporters has shed light on
the conformational changes that take place during structural isomerization from outward-to …

The neurotransmitter transporters (NTTs) belonging to the solute carrier 6 (SLC6) gene
family (also referred to as the neurotransmitter-sodium-symporter family or Na+/Cl …

Class CG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to form stable homodimers or
heterodimers critical for function, but the oligomeric status of class A and B receptors, which …

The third intracellular loop (ICL3) of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) fold is important
for the signal transduction process downstream of receptor activation,–. Despite this, the lack …

Glucose is the primary fuel to life on earth. Cellular uptake of glucose is a fundamental
process for metabolism, growth, and homeostasis. Three families of secondary glucose …

Fluorescence provides a mechanism for achieving contrast in biological imaging that
enables investigations of molecular structure, dynamics, and function at high spatial and …

Neurotransmitter sodium symporters are integral membrane proteins that remove chemical
transmitters from the synapse and terminate neurotransmission mediated by serotonin …

Background: Open Access Editor's Choice Review Lipid Membrane Mimetics in Functional
and Structural Studies of Integral Membrane Proteins by Saman Majeed 1, Akram Bani …

PIEZOs are mechanosensitive ion channels that convert force into chemoelectric signals,
and have essential roles in diverse physiological settings. In vitro studies have proposed …

Secondary active transporters couple the free energy of the electrochemical potential of one
solute to the transmembrane movement of another. As a basic mechanistic explanation for …