The cryopreservation of spermatozoa was introduced in the 1960s as a route to fertility
preservation. Despite the extensive progress that has been made in this field, the biological …

Simple Summary Here we present a comprehensive review of the current literature
describing mechanisms of damage incurred by cryopreservation, and we highlight several …

In addition to the major functions performed by in the cell, mitochondria play a major role in
cell-light interaction. Accordingly it is generally accepted that mitochondria are crucial in cell …

The ability to successfully fertilize ova relies upon the swimming ability of spermatozoa. Both
in humans and in animals, sperm motility has been used as a metric for the viability of …

Sperm motility is known as an effective parameter in male fertility, and it depends on energy
consumption. Low-level laser irradiation could increase energy supply to the cell by …

The present study evaluated the effects of exposing liquid-stored boar semen to different red
light LED regimens on sperm quality and reproductive performance. Of all of the tested …

Background and Objective Freezing changes sperm integrity remarkably. Cryopreservation
involves cooling, freezing, and thawing and all these contribute to structural damage in …

Improved sperm motility is necessary for successful sperm passage through the female
genital system, efficacious fertilization, and a greater probability of pregnancy. By stimulating …

In half of the cases, the infertility of the couple is due to the disorder of the male fertility. The
leading factors that cause male infertility are urogenital infections, disorders of the immune …

Background: The effects of Low Level Light Therapy (LLLT) on cellular function arise
predominantly from stimulation of ATP production and reduction of oxidative stress. These …