Dopamine (DA) is a major monoamine neurotransmitter in the brain and has essential roles
in higher functions of the brain. Malfunctions of dopaminergic signaling have been …

Metabolism, like other aspects of life, involves tradeoffs. Oxidant by-products of normal
metabolism cause extensive damage to DNA, protein, and lipid. We argue that this damage …

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most developed
countries of the world. Pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and toxins can significantly contribute to …

Amphetamines represent a class of psychotropic compounds, widely abused for their
stimulant, euphoric, anorectic, and, in some cases, emphathogenic, entactogenic, and …

Potentially damaging species (reactive oxygen, nitrogen and chlorine species) arise as by-
products of metabolism and as physiological mediators and signalling molecules. Levels of …

The antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of flesh and peel of mango (Mangifera indica
L.) were investigated. The cytoprotective effect of mango flesh and peel extracts on oxidative …

Acute stress induces tissue damage through excessive oxidative stress. Dexmedetomidine
(DEX) reportedly has an antioxidant effect. However, protective roles and related potential …

Oxidative stress is among the major causes of toxicity due to interaction of Reactive Oxygen
Species (ROS) with cellular macromolecules and structures and interference with signal …

It is not yet established whether oxidative stress is a major cause of cell death or simply a
consequence of an unknown pathogenetic factor. Concerning chronic diseases, as …

The enzymatic complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain have been extensively
investigated in their structural and functional properties. A clear distinction is possible today …