Simulating quantum mechanics is known to be a difficult computational problem, especially
when dealing with large systems. However, this difficulty may be overcome by using some …

Stochastic thermodynamics as reviewed here systematically provides a framework for
extending the notions of classical thermodynamics such as work, heat and entropy …

Differently from passive Brownian particles, active particles, also known as self-propelled
Brownian particles or microswimmers and nanoswimmers, are capable of taking up energy …

To impart directionality to the motions of a molecular mechanism, one must overcome the
random thermal forces that are ubiquitous on such small scales and in liquid solution at …

Diffusion driven by temperature or concentration gradients is a fundamental mechanism of
energy and mass transport that inherently differs from wave propagation in both physical …

Inspired by natural mobile microorganisms, researchers have developed micro/nanomotors
(MNMs) that can autonomously move by transducing different kinds of energies into kinetic …

Quantum thermodynamics is an emerging research field aiming to extend standard
thermodynamics and non-equilibrium statistical physics to ensembles of sizes well below …

An open quantum system refers to a system that is further coupled to a bath system
consisting of surrounding radiation fields, atoms, molecules, or proteins. The bath system is …

Heat engines convert thermal energy into mechanical work and generally involve a large
number of particles. We report the experimental realization of a single-atom heat engine. An …

The form of energy termed heat that typically derives from lattice vibrations, ie, phonons, is
usually considered as waste energy and, moreover, deleterious to information processing …