Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Vaccination is still the most cost-effective way to combat infectious illnesses. Conventional
vaccinations may have low immunogenicity and, in most situations, only provide partial …

Polymeric in situ forming depots have emerged as highly promising drug delivery systems
for long-acting applications. Their effectiveness is attributed to essential characteristics such …

The unique anatomical and physiological connections between the nasal cavity and brain
provide a pathway for bypassing the blood–brain barrier to allow for direct brain-targeted …

Phytoestrogens, also known as xenoestrogens, are secondary metabolites derived from
plants that have similar structures and biological effects as human estrogens. These …

The nose-to-brain drug-delivery system has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome
the challenges associated with conventional drug administration for central nervous system …

Parkinson's disease (PD) has significantly affected a large proportion of the elderly
population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 8.5 million …

Despite the wide research going on in Parkinson's disease (PD), the burden of PD still
remains high and continues to increase. The current drugs available for the treatment of PD …

Ischemic stroke is associated with a high mortality rate, and effective treatment strategies are
currently lacking. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel nano delivery system to treat …

Nasal drug delivery has been employed as an alternate and convenient route for the
systemic availability of pharmaceuticals, particularly for potent therapeutics. This is owing to …