Determining the psychological, computational, and neural bases of confidence and
uncertainty holds promise for understanding foundational aspects of human metacognition …

The higher-order theory (HOT) of consciousness has often been misunderstood by critics.
Here, we clarify its position on several issues, and distinguish it from other views, such as …

Generative AI (GenAI) systems offer unprecedented opportunities for transforming
professional and personal work, yet present challenges around prompting, evaluating and …

Interoception has historically been assessed using behavioural tests of accuracy, self-report
measures or through the characterisation of neural signals underlying interoceptive …

Metacognition–the ability to represent, monitor and control ongoing cognitive processes–
helps us perform many tasks, both when acting alone and when working with others. While …

People are often aware of their mistakes, and report levels of confidence in their choices that
correlate with objective performance. These metacognitive assessments of decision quality …

Decisions vary in difficulty. Humans know this and typically report more confidence in easy
than in difficult decisions. However, confidence reports do not perfectly track decision …

Metacognition comprises both the ability to be aware of one's cognitive processes
(metacognitive knowledge) and to regulate them (metacognitive control). Research in …

There is currently little direct evidence regarding the function of subjective confidence in
decision making: The tight correlation between objective accuracy and subjective …

The prefrontal cortex participates in a variety of higher cognitive functions. The concept of
working memory is now widely used to understand prefrontal functions. Neurophysiological …