Recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular signaling pathways and
global transcriptional regulators of adult mesenchymal stem cells have provided new …

The long bones of the develo** skeleton, such as those of the limb, arise from the process
of endochondral ossification, where cartilage serves as the initial anlage element and is …

Inactivation of β-catenin in mesenchymal progenitors prevents osteoblast differentiation;
inactivation of Lrp5, a gene encoding a likely Wnt coreceptor, results in low bone mass …

Osteoblasts and chondrocytes are involved in building up the vertebrate skeleton and are
thought to differentiate from a common mesenchymal precursor, the osteo …

Members of the vertebrate Wnt family have been subdivided into two functional classes
according to their biological activities. Some Wnts signal through the canonical Wnt …

Neural precursor cells (NPCs) have the ability to self-renew and to give rise to neuronal and
glial lineages. The fate decision of NPCs between proliferation and differentiation …

In the chick, heart mesoderm is induced by signals from the anterior endoderm. Although
BMP-2 is expressed in the anterior endoderm, BMP activity is necessary but not sufficient for …

Abstract Dickkopf1 (Dkk1) is a secreted protein that acts as a Wnt inhibitor and, together with
BMP inhibitors, is able to induce the formation of ectopic heads in Xenopus. Here, we show …

Multipotential adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate along several
known lineages, and lineage commitment is tightly regulated through specific cellular …

The formation of the hair follicle and its cyclical growth, quiescence, and regeneration
depend on reciprocal signaling between its epidermal and dermal components. The dermal …