Abstract The Hindu Kush–Karakoram–Himalayan system, named the Third Pole because it
is the largest global store of frozen water after the polar regions, provides a reliable water …

BACKGROUND The Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region in south Asia is one of the most
heavily glacierized and vulnerable mountainous regions on Earth. The Indus, Ganges, and …

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) over the Tibetan Plateau, a major global water tower, is
crucial in determining water transport and availability to a large downstream Asian …

Water resources sustainability in High Mountain Asia (HMA) surrounding the Tibetan
Plateau (TP)—known as Asia's water tower—has triggered widespread concerns because …

Abstract Knowledge about the long-term response of High Mountain Asian glaciers to
climatic variations is paramount because of their important role in sustaining Asian river flow …

Glaciers are key components of the mountain water towers of Asia and are vital for
downstream domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses. The glacier mass loss rate over the …

Global-scale glacier shrinkage is one of the most prominent signs of ongoing climatic
change. However, important differences in glacier response exist at the regional scale, and …

Variation in snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a key component of climate change
and variability, and critical for many hydrological and biological processes. This review first …

We present a comprehensive review of the status and changes in glacier length (since the
1850s), area and mass (since the 1960s) along the Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region and …

The Indus basin heavily depends on its upstream mountainous part for the downstream
supply of water while downstream demands are high. Since downstream demands will likely …