Assessing posttranslational modification (PTM) patterns within protein molecules and
reading their functional implications present grand challenges for plant biology. We combine …

Communication between cellular compartments is vital for development and environmental
adaptation. Signals emanating from organelles, so-called retrograde signals, coordinate …

Eukaryotic transcriptomes contain a major non–protein-coding component that includes
precursors of small RNAs as well as long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs). Here, we utilized the …

The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a prime model for deciphering
processes occurring in the intracellular compartments of the photosynthetic cell. Organelle …

N-terminal protein modifications correspond to the first modifications which in principle any
protein may undergo, before translation is completed by the ribosome. This class of …

Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is a dynamic balance of protein synthesis and
degradation. Because of the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and the massive transfer of …

Protein acetylation is a highly frequent protein modification. However, comparatively little is
known about its enzymatic machinery. N‐α‐acetylation (NTA) and ε‐lysine acetylation (KA) …

Chloroplasts are essential organelles in the cells of plants and algae. The functions of these
specialized plastids are largely dependent on the~ 3000 proteins residing in the organelle …

The translocons at the outer (TOC) and the inner (TIC) envelope membranes of chloroplasts
mediate the targeting and import of several thousand nucleus-encoded preproteins that are …

N-terminal acetylation (NTA) is a prevalent protein modification in eukaryotes. The majority
of proteins are acetylated at their N-terminus in a co-translational manner by ribosome …